Everything about Pope Innocent Ix totally explained
Pope Innocent IX (
July 20,
1519 –
December 30,
1591), born
Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti, was
Pope from
October 29,
1591 through his death on
December 30 of the same year. Prior to his short papacy, he'd been a
Canon Lawyer,
diplomat, and chief administrator during the reign of
Pope Gregory XIV (1590-1591).
Biography
Facchinetti was born in
Crodo, in the
diocese of Novara, northern
Italy. He was a lawyer, a graduate in
1544 of the
University of Bologna, which was pre-eminent in jurisprudence, and became secretary to Cardinal
Nicolò Ardinghelli before entering the service of Cardinal
Alessandro Farnese, brother of the Duke of
Parma and nephew of
Pope Paul III (1534-1549), one of the great patrons of the time. The Cardinal, who was
archbishop of Avignon, sent Facchinetti there as his ecclesiastical representative and subsequently recalled him to the management of his affairs at Parma, where he was acting governor of the city, from
1556 to
1558. In
1560, Facchinetti was named
Bishop of Nicastro, in
Calabria, and in
1562 was present at the
Council of Trent.
Pope Pius V (1566-1572) sent him as
papal nuncio to
Venice in
1566 to further the papal alliance with
Spain and Venice against the
Turks, which ultimately resulted in the victory of
Lepanto in
1571. Relinquishing his
see to pursue his career in Rome, he was named titular
Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem in
1572.
Papal administration
During the reign of the sickly Gregory XIV, who suffered from bouts of
malaria, the burden of the papal administration rested on his shoulders. Even before Gregory XIV breathed his last, Spanish and anti-Spanish factions were electioneering for the next Pope.
Philip II of Spain's (1556-1598) high-handed interference at the previous
conclave wasn't forgotten: he'd barred all but seven cardinals. This time the Spanish party in the
College of Cardinals didn't go so far, but they still controlled a majority, and after a quick conclave they raised Facchinetti to the papal chair as Pope Innocent IX. Mindful of the origin of his success, Innocent IX supported, during his two months' pontificate, the cause of Philip II and the
Catholic League against
Henry IV of France (1589-1610) in the civil
Wars of Religion (1562-1598), where a papal army was in the field. Death, however, didn't permit the realization of Innocent IX's schemes.
His great-nephew Cardinal Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti de Nuce, juniore, was one of two Cardinals appointed during the weeks of Innocent IX's pontificate. A later member of the Cardinalate was his great-grand-nephew Cesare Facchinetti (made a Cardinal in
1643).
See also: list of
Popes named Innocent
Further Information
Get more info on 'Pope Innocent Ix'.
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